Ͻý˰ . e2fsck 1
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1 : Ͻý ϴ e2fsck
2 : e2fsckɾ Ư Ͻý ϴ
3 : e2fsck Ư Ͻý ϱ
4 : ext3(θ)Ͻý ϱ
5 : e2fsck Ư Ͻý ۾
6 : Ͻý ۺ ̿ Ͻý
7 : e2fsck ũ ũϱ
8 : e2fsck Ư Ͻý ϱ
9 : e2fsck Ͻý ˽ ij ũ ϱ
10 : e2fsck Ư Ͻý ˽ ڵϱ
11 : e2fsck Ͻý ˽ Yes ڵԷϱ
12 : e2fsck Ͻý б no ڵ ϱ
1 : Ͻý ˰ ϴ e2fsck
Ͻý ˹ ִ ɾԴϴ. fsck Ȯɾ 밡 Ͻý ˰ ִ ɾԴϴ.
Ѹ Ͻý Ǵ Ͽ ڰ ݵ ˾ƾϴ ſ ߿ ɾԴϴ. Ͻý Ͽ 쿡 ɾ ̿Ͽ Ͻý ϰ ϴ 찡 ֽϴ.
Ͻý ٿ̳ ִ ɾ Ȯϰ ִ ε ġϿ ȭ ų ֽϴ.
ɾ ߿伺 ؼ ̻ ʴ ɾ ʿ伺 ߿伺 ؼ Ǿ մϴ.
ý õǴ /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit ũƮ ڵ ˴ϴ.
/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinitũƮ Ȯ ø Ͻý ϴ ɾ Ǵ ܰ谡 ֽϴ. ýۺýø Ͻý ˸ɾ ˴ϴ.
ϴٺ ʰ ϴ Ͻý ý ٿԴϴ.
Ͻý ϴ ߿ (Bad Block) ū ϴ. ɾ Բ ϴ ɾ badblocksɾ ݵ νñ ٶϴ.
Ư e2fsckɾ Ȯ Ͻý Ȯϰ ִٴ ڿԴ 쿡 ſ ū Դϴ. Ͻô е鲲 fsckɾ badblocksɾ Բ ɾ ݵ νñ ٶϴ.
e2fsck ڵ带 մϴ. , e2fsck ڵ ǹ̴ ϴ. e2fsck ڵ Ʒ ǥõ˴ϴ.
0 - Ḧ ǹ.
1 - Ͻý Ͽ ǹ.
2 - Ͻý Ǿ ý õǾ ǹ.
4 - ۾ Ͻýۿ ʰ ״ ξ ǹ.
8 - ǹ.
16 - (Usage)Ǵ (Syntax) ǹ.
32 - e2fsck۾ ڿ ؼ (Cancel)Ǿ ǹ.
128 - ̺귯(Shared library) ǹ.
e2fsck۾ ⺻ ϴ ϴ.
- inodes
- blocks
- sizes
- 丮
- 丮 Ἲ
- ϸũ
- üϰ
- üϼ ˵
ɾġ : /sbin/e2fsck
e2fsck [-pacnyrdfvtFV][-b ۺ][-B ũ][-l|-L ϸȭ] ġ
ġ ũġ Ȯϰ ּž մϴ.
/dev/sda1
/dev/sda2
/dev/hda1
/dev/hdb1
ġ Ʈ Ǿ 쿡 fdiskɾ ȮϽ ֽϴ. ǰ ִ , Ʈ Ǿִ ¶ "df" Ǵ "mount" Ͻý۸ ȮϽ ֽϴ.
[ǻ]
e2fsckɾ Ͻý ϰ Ͻý ƮǾ ¿ Ͻñ ٶϴ. ƮǾִ ¿ ɾ ϽŴٸ ֽϴ.
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2 : e2fsckɾ Ư Ͻý ϴ
e2fsck ִ ۾ Ѱ Ͻýۿ ̻ ִ° ϴ Դϴ. Ʒ e2fsck ̿Ͽ /dev/hda1 Ͻý(ġ) Դϴ. Ʒ Ʈ Ͻý(/dev/hda1) e2fsck ϱ "WARNING!!!" Դϴ.
Ʈ Ͻý ɰ ջ ִٴ ǹ Դϴ.
[root@file root]# e2fsck /dev/hda1 e2fsck 1.32 (09-Nov-2002) /dev/hda1 is mounted.
WARNING!!! Running e2fsck on a mounted filesystem may cause SEVERE filesystem damage.
Do you really want to continue (y/n)? yes
/boot: recovering journal /boot: clean, 41/32128 files, 13384/128488 blocks [root@file root]#
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, Do you really want to continue (y/n)? yes ԷϽø ˴ϴ. no ԷϽø մϴ.
e2fsck /dev/hda1 ٸ ٸ Ͻýۿ ̻ ٴ ǹմϴ.
3 : e2fsck Ư Ͻý ϱ
Ͻýۿ ̻ Ͻý Ϸ -fɼ մϴ.
ô ٿ e2fsck inodes, blocks , sizes, 丮 ,丮 Ἲ, üϰ , üϼ ˵ մϴ.
[root@file root]# e2fsck -f /dev/hda1 e2fsck 1.32 (09-Nov-2002) /dev/hda1 is mounted.
WARNING!!! Running e2fsck on a mounted filesystem may cause SEVERE filesystem damage.
Do you really want to continue (y/n)? yes
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes Pass 2: Checking directory structure Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity Pass 4: Checking reference counts Pass 5: Checking group summary information /boot: 41/32128 files (2.4% non-contiguous), 13384/128488 blocks [root@file root]#
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, -fɼ Ͽ /dev/hda1Ͻý ˺ Դϴ.
4 : ext3(θ)Ͻý ϱ
e2fsck ̸ ˼ ִ ٿ ext2Ͻý ⺻ ۾ ߵ Դϴ. -j ɼ Ͻø ext3Ͻý ˹ ֽϴ.
Ʒ ext3 ˵ Ͻý ˰ Դϴ.
, e2fsck "-j ext3" ɼ Բ ֽø ˴ϴ.
[root@file root]# e2fsck -j ext3 /dev/hda1 e2fsck 1.32 (09-Nov-2002) /dev/hda1 is mounted.
WARNING!!! Running e2fsck on a mounted filesystem may cause SEVERE filesystem damage.
Do you really want to continue (y/n)? yes
/boot: clean, 41/32128 files, 13384/128488 blocks [root@file root]#
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ext3 ˵ Ͻý ˰ ÿ ϰ ִ fsck.ext3 ɾ Ͻ ֽϴ. fsck.ext3 ɾ e2fsck -j ext3ɾ ɾ ̸ ֵ ext3 ˵ Ͻý۸ ϰ ֽϴ.
5 : e2fsck Ư Ͻý ۾
e2fsck ɼǵ Բ -vɼ ϸ Ͻý ȮϽ ֽϴ.
[root@file root]# e2fsck -fv /dev/hda1 e2fsck 1.32 (09-Nov-2002) /dev/hda1 is mounted.
WARNING!!! Running e2fsck on a mounted filesystem may cause SEVERE filesystem damage.
Do you really want to continue (y/n)? yes
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes Pass 2: Checking directory structure Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity Pass 4: Checking reference counts Pass 5: Checking group summary information
41 inodes used (0%) 1 non-contiguous inodes (2.4%) # of inodes with ind/dind/tind blocks: 9/3/0 13384 blocks used (10%) 0 bad blocks 0 large files
25 regular files 3 directories 0 character device files 0 block device files 0 fifos 0 links 4 symbolic links (4 fast symbolic links) 0 sockets -------- 32 files [root@file root]#
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, e2fsckɾ /dev/hda1Ͻý (-f) ϸ鼭 (-v) Դϴ.
6 : Ͻý ۺ ̿ Ͻý
e2fsck Ͻý ڵ 쿡 ۺ ̿Ͽ ּž մϴ. ̿Ͻø ִ κ ̿ܿ ֽϴ. , Ͻý۱ ۺ Ȯ ġ ˾ƾ߸ Դϴ.
e2fsck -bɼ ̿ ̸ "-b ۺϹȣ" Բ ֽø ˴ϴ.
ۺϿ ظ 帮 Ͽ 帮 ϰڽϴ.
Ͻý ϱ(Block Group)̶ ⺻ ̷ ϱ տ ۺ̶ մϴ. ϱ쿡 ϴ ۺϵ Ͻý ıǾ 쿡 ̿Ͽ ֵ غϰ ֽϴ.
⼭ e2fsck ⺻ Ͻý 쿡 ۺ̶ ̿Ͽ Ѵٴ ǹԴϴ.
ۺ(Superblock)̶ Ͻý ũ Ͻý ֽϴ.
ǥ Ͻý Ÿ Դϴ.
[ۺϰ Ͻý۱ ȭ ]
ø ִ ó Ͻý տ ù° ۺ մϴ.
ù° ϱ տ ι° ۺ մϴ.
ι° ϱ տ ° ۺ մϴ.
n° ϱ쿡 n+1° ۺ մϴ.
e2fsck Ϲ Ͻý Ұ 쿡 ۺ ̿Ͽ մϴ.
ô ٿ ۺ Ϲȣ Դϴ. 8192 ϳ ϱ(Block Group) ˴ϴ. , ù° ۺ 1° Ͽ ϸ ι° ۺ 1+8192° 8193Ͽ մϴ.
° ۺ 1+8192*2° 16385° ۺϿ մϴ. , ֽϴ.
- ù° ۺ : 1Ͽ ġ.
- ι° ۺ : 1 + 8192*1 = 8193° Ͽ ġ.
- ° ۺ : 1 + 8192*2 = 16385° Ͽ ġ.
- n ° ۺ : 1 + 8192*n °Ͽ ġ.
ù° ۺ Ϲ Ұϰ μ ι° ۺ ϴ ̰ ֽϴ.
[root@file root]# e2fsck -b 8193 /dev/sda1 e2fsck 1.32 (09-Nov-2002) /dev/sda1 is mounted.
WARNING!!! Running e2fsck on a mounted filesystem may cause SEVERE filesystem damage.
Do you really want to continue (y/n)? yes
/boot was not cleanly unmounted, check forced. Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes Pass 2: Checking directory structure Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity Pass 4: Checking reference counts Pass 5: Checking group summary information
/boot: ***** FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED ***** /boot: 41/32128 files (2.4% non-contiguous), 13384/128488 blocks [root@file root]#
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° ۺ ̿ ۾ : # e2fsck -b 16385 /dev/sda1
° ۺ ̿ ۾ : # e2fsck -b 24577 /dev/sda1
Ͻý Ͻ ֽϴ.
mke2fs Ͻý Ŀ ݵ lost+found 丮 ˴ϴ. 丮 Ͻý ۾ Ͽ ϰ ִ Դϴ. , ϸ ġ Ȯϰ ľǵ ʾƼ ӽ÷ ص Դϴ. e2fsckε ϵ 丮 ø ڷε ϵ ټ ϰ Դϴ. ϵ cat̳ vi Ϲ ϳ ֽϴ.
Ұ 쿡 lost+found ִ ڷ ϵ ϳ ؾϴ 쵵 ֽϴ. ڴ Ͻý ۾ ϰ ϴ ͵ ߿ 켱 Ǿ Ѵٰ ϰ ͽϴ.